Neo笔记文档

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第12章 Mutating Data ​

12.1 创建发票 ​

12.1.1 创建一个route和form ​

/dashboard/invoices/create/page.tsx

tsx
import Form from '@/app/ui/invoices/create-form';
import Breadcrumbs from '@/app/ui/invoices/breadcrumbs';
import { fetchCustomers } from '@/app/lib/data';
 
export default async function Page() {
  const customers = await fetchCustomers();
 
  return (
    <main>
      <Breadcrumbs
        breadcrumbs={[
          { label: 'Invoices', href: '/dashboard/invoices' },
          {
            label: 'Create Invoice',
            href: '/dashboard/invoices/create',
            active: true,
          },
        ]}
      />
      <Form customers={customers} />
    </main>
  );
}

12.1.2 创建一个Server Action ​

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
'use server';
 
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {}

/app/ui/invoices/create-form.tsx

tsx
import { customerField } from '@/app/lib/definitions';
import Link from 'next/link';
import {
  CheckIcon,
  ClockIcon,
  CurrencyDollarIcon,
  UserCircleIcon,
} from '@heroicons/react/24/outline';
import { Button } from '@/app/ui/button';
import { createInvoice } from '@/app/lib/actions';
 
export default function Form({
  customers,
}: {
  customers: customerField[];
}) {
  return (
    <form action={createInvoice}>
      // ...
  )
}

12.1.3 从formData中获取数据 ​

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
'use server';
 
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  const rawFormData = {
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  };
  // Test it out:
  console.log(rawFormData);
}

12.1.4 验证并准备数据 ​

/app/lib/definitions.ts

ts
'use server';
 
import { z } from 'zod';
 
const FormSchema = z.object({
  id: z.string(),
  customerId: z.string(),
  amount: z.coerce.number(),
  status: z.enum(['pending', 'paid']),
  date: z.string(),
});
 
const CreateInvoice = FormSchema.omit({ id: true, date: true });
 
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  // ...
}

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
// ...
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  const { customerId, amount, status } = CreateInvoice.parse({
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  });
}
  1. 将金额转换为美分

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
// ...
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  const { customerId, amount, status } = CreateInvoice.parse({
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  });
  const amountInCents = amount * 100;
}
  1. 创建新日期

/app/lib/actins.ts

ts
// ...
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  const { customerId, amount, status } = CreateInvoice.parse({
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  });
  const amountInCents = amount * 100;
  const date = new Date().toISOString().split('T')[0];
}

12.1.5 将数据插入数据库 ​

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
import { z } from 'zod';
import { sql } from '@vercel/postgres';
 
// ...
 
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  const { customerId, amount, status } = CreateInvoice.parse({
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  });
  const amountInCents = amount * 100;
  const date = new Date().toISOString().split('T')[0];
 
  await sql`
    INSERT INTO invoices (customer_id, amount, status, date)
    VALUES (${customerId}, ${amountInCents}, ${status}, ${date})
  `;
}

12.1.6 重新验证和重定向 ​

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
'use server';
 
import { z } from 'zod';
import { sql } from '@vercel/postgres';
import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache';
import { redirect } from 'next/navigation';

 
// ...
 
export async function createInvoice(formData: FormData) {
  const { customerId, amount, status } = CreateInvoice.parse({
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  });
  const amountInCents = amount * 100;
  const date = new Date().toISOString().split('T')[0];
 
  await sql`
    INSERT INTO invoices (customer_id, amount, status, date)
    VALUES (${customerId}, ${amountInCents}, ${status}, ${date})
  `;
 
  revalidatePath('/dashboard/invoices');
  redirect('/dashboard/invoices');

}

12.2 更新invoice ​

12.2.1 使用invoice创建动态route ​

/app/ui/invoices/table.tsx

tsx
export default async function InvoicesTable({
  query,
  currentPage,
}: {
  query: string;
  currentPage: number;
}) {
  return (
    // ...
    <td className="flex justify-end gap-2 whitespace-nowrap px-6 py-4 text-sm">
      <UpdateInvoice id={invoice.id} />
      <DeleteInvoice id={invoice.id} />
    </td>
    // ...
  );
}

/app/ui/invoices/buttons.tsx

tsx
import { PencilIcon, PlusIcon, TrashIcon } from '@heroicons/react/24/outline';
import Link from 'next/link';
 
// ...
 
export function UpdateInvoice({ id }: { id: string }) {
  return (
    <Link
      href={`/dashboard/invoices/${id}/edit`}
      className="rounded-md border p-2 hover:bg-gray-100"
    >
      <PencilIcon className="w-5" />
    </Link>
  );
}

12.2.2 从params中读取invoice的id ​

/app/dashboard/invoices/[id]/edit/page.tsx

tsx
import Form from '@/app/ui/invoices/edit-form';
import Breadcrumbs from '@/app/ui/invoices/breadcrumbs';
import { fetchCustomers } from '@/app/lib/data';
 
export default async function Page() {
  return (
    <main>
      <Breadcrumbs
        breadcrumbs={[
          { label: 'Invoices', href: '/dashboard/invoices' },
          {
            label: 'Edit Invoice',
            href: `/dashboard/invoices/${id}/edit`,
            active: true,
          },
        ]}
      />
      <Form invoice={invoice} customers={customers} />
    </main>
  );
}

/app/dashboard/invoices/[id]/edit/page.tsx

tsx
import Form from '@/app/ui/invoices/edit-form';
import Breadcrumbs from '@/app/ui/invoices/breadcrumbs';
import { fetchCustomers } from '@/app/lib/data';
 
export default async function Page({ params }: { params: { id: string } }) {
  const id = params.id;
  // ...
}

12.2.3 获取特定invoice ​

/dashboard/invoices/[id]/edit/page.tsx

tsx
import Form from '@/app/ui/invoices/edit-form';
import Breadcrumbs from '@/app/ui/invoices/breadcrumbs';
import { fetchInvoiceById, fetchCustomers } from '@/app/lib/data';
 
export default async function Page({ params }: { params: { id: string } }) {
  const id = params.id;
  const [invoice, customers] = await Promise.all([
    fetchInvoiceById(id),
    fetchCustomers(),
  ]);
  // ...
}

12.2.4 将id传递给Server Action ​

/app/ui/invoices/edit-form.tsx

tsx
// ...
import { updateInvoice } from '@/app/lib/actions';
 
export default function EditInvoiceForm({
  invoice,
  customers,
}: {
  invoice: InvoiceForm;
  customers: CustomerField[];
}) {
  const updateInvoiceWithId = updateInvoice.bind(null, invoice.id);
 
  return (
    <form action={updateInvoiceWithId}>
      <input type="hidden" name="id" value={invoice.id} />
    </form>
  );
}

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
// Use Zod to update the expected types
const UpdateInvoice = FormSchema.omit({ id: true, date: true });
 
// ...
 
export async function updateInvoice(id: string, formData: FormData) {
  const { customerId, amount, status } = UpdateInvoice.parse({
    customerId: formData.get('customerId'),
    amount: formData.get('amount'),
    status: formData.get('status'),
  });
 
  const amountInCents = amount * 100;
 
  await sql`
    UPDATE invoices
    SET customer_id = ${customerId}, amount = ${amountInCents}, status = ${status}
    WHERE id = ${id}
  `;
 
  revalidatePath('/dashboard/invoices');
  redirect('/dashboard/invoices');
}

12.3 删除invoice ​

/app/ui/invoices/buttons.tsx

tsx
import { deleteInvoice } from '@/app/lib/actions';
 
// ...
 
export function DeleteInvoice({ id }: { id: string }) {
  const deleteInvoiceWithId = deleteInvoice.bind(null, id);
 
  return (
    <form action={deleteInvoiceWithId}>
      <button type="submit" className="rounded-md border p-2 hover:bg-gray-100">
        <span className="sr-only">Delete</span>
        <TrashIcon className="w-4" />
      </button>
    </form>
  );
}

/app/lib/actions.ts

ts
// ...
export async function deleteInvoice(id: string) {
  await sql`DELETE FROM invoices WHERE id = ${id}`;
  revalidatePath('/dashboard/invoices');
}